Los riesgos de almacenamiento, manipulación y transporte
Storage
There are accidents that occur during product transfers or movements carried out during work, as well as during storage. A good organization of these operations will make the work easier and faster, avoiding many inconveniences. General warehouses for raw materials and finished products must be located according to the production process. Store objects vertically above ground level. Do not let objects protrude from piles or drawers. Do not climb on racks to reach higher positions. Do not exceed maximum safety loads.
To prevent the workplace from becoming a small warehouse, there are a series of basic rules such as: removing from the work area what is not in use, having only the necessary raw materials for the day, not placing materials directly on the floor, using racks with different levels, etc. Having a place for everything and putting everything in its place is a basic rule that not only improves safety, but is also useful for improving the organization of the production process.
Manipulation and transportation
In the design and organization of work, efforts should be made to minimize manual handling of loads. In loading and unloading operations, workers will be provided with appropriate work clothing. Manual lifting of loads is one of the actions that causes the most injuries in the workplace. If mechanical equipment cannot be used, other techniques for lifting loads should be used, taking into account factors such as shape and weight.
There are a series of equipment for lifting loads:
Elevating platforms and freight elevators. The preventive measures in this field are: ensuring that the entire route is protected and inaccessible to people, that the access door can only be opened when the platform is at the level of the door, and that the maximum load is clearly indicated. People should never use the freight elevator.
Crane-hoists. Characteristics: lifting and lowering of loads should be done slowly, without sudden starts or stops, no load should be left suspended, and loads should not be moved over people. The operator should control the loading and unloading area, and the machine operator must have sufficient theoretical and practical training.
Chains, slings, hooks, burners. They should be inspected and prevented from wearing out. Hooks should be made of steel or forged iron, equipped with latches or safety devices.
The greatest dangers arise from the malfunctioning of some of the elements, which can result in breakages and serious consequences, such as falling objects or people, etc. Regular inspections are highly recommended.
Some equipment of this type of transportation includes:
- Forklift trucks: These have risks of lifting devices and risks of motor vehicles. Various risks can be encountered, such as falling loads during transportation, tipping over of the forklift, etc.
We must ensure: Proper placement of the load, forklifts must be stable, delimiting the circulation area for materials and people, ensuring that the load is low and moving at a reduced speed. The driver must be visible, as well as the red light.
- Conveyor belts:
There is a risk of entrapment, falling, etc. Measures include: protecting moving parts to prevent people from accessing them while the belt is in operation. If the belt runs through a pit, guardrails or protective elements will be installed. If it is an ascending belt, maintenance operations will be carried out. We will avoid the belt running over work areas or areas where people circulate, applying protective measures at all times to ensure safe work.
Storage, manipulation and transportation
A good organization of these operations would make the work easier and faster, avoiding many inconveniences.